Aneurysm formation in modified human umbilical vein grafts

Fetal Intra-abdominal Umbilical Vein Aneurysm.

Importance Fetal umbilical vein aneurysm is an uncommon anomaly that accounts for approximately 4% of umbilical cord abnormalities. The rate of intrauterine fetal death is reported to be approximately 4% to 5%, higher than the background rate of 0.7% that is generally reported during pregnancy. Objective The aim of this study was to review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and clinical manageme...

Human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial cells reendothelialize vein grafts and prevent thrombosis.

OBJECTIVE To accelerate vein graft reendothelialization and reduce vein graft thrombosis by infusing human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial cells (hCB-ECs) because loss of endothelium contributes to vein graft thrombosis and neointimal hyperplasia. METHODS AND RESULTS Under steady flow conditions in vitro, hCB-ECs adhered to smooth muscle cells 2.5 to 13 times more than ECs derived fr...

Hyperglycemia- Induced NF-κB Activation Increases microRNA-146a Expression in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Background & objectives: Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB), a master switch transcription factor, plays a critical role in the progression and development of hyperglycemia-induced microangiopathy. Hyperglycemia activates NF-κB, and subsequently increases pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β leading to development of inflammation. Some new studies have revealed the involvement o...

Murine model of neointimal formation and stenosis in vein grafts.

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have suggested that neointimal formation, a central cause of vein graft stenosis, has several potential cell sources. It was hypothesized that neointimal cells arise primarily from the cells of the vein graft. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigated vein graft neointimal cell origins using a model of vein-to-artery cross-transplantation between transgenic Rosa26...

Variability among human umbilical vein endothelial cultures.